Which statement best describes how ARP resolves an IP address to a MAC address on a local area network?

• A. ARP relies on the gateway to translate IP to MAC on the local segment.
• B. ARP uses DNS to resolve IP to MAC addresses.
• C. ARP assigns a MAC address to an IP via a centralized directory.
• D. ARP broadcasts an ARP request; the owner replies with its MAC address and the requester caches the mapping.

Answer: (D)